vvp(1)

NAME
vvp - Icarus Verilog vvp runtime engine

SYNOPSIS
vvp [-inNqsvV] [-Mpath] [-mmodule] [-llogfile] inputfile [extended-args...]

DESCRIPTION

vvp is the run time engine that executes the default compiled form generated by Icarus Verilog. The output from the iverilog command is not by itself executable on any platform. Instead, the vvp program is invoked to execute the generated output file.

OPTIONS
vvp accepts the following options:

-i  This flag causes all output to <stdout> to be unbuffered.

-llogfile
    This flag specifies a logfile where all MCI <stdlog> output goes. Specify logfile as '-' to send log output to <stderr>. $display and friends send their output both to <stdout> and <stdlog>.

-Mpath
    This flag adds a directory to the path list used to locate VPI modules. The default path includes only the install directory for the system.vpi module, but this flag can add other directories. Multiple paths are allowed, and modules will be searched in order.

-mmodule
    Tell the vvp run time to load the named module before executing the simulation. The system.vpi module is loaded by default, but additional modules, including modules that you compiled locally, can be specified with this flag. Any number of modules can be loaded, and they will be linked in the order they are listed on the command line. Normally, you only need to specify the name of the module, without any directory path or .vpi suffix and the search path is scanned to find the module. However, if the name includes at least one directory character, then the search path is not scanned and the name is assumed to be a complete file name.

-n  This flag makes $stop or a <Control-C> a synonym for $finish. It can be used to give the program a more meaningful interface when running in a non-interactive environment.

-N  This flag does the same thing as -n, but results in an exit code of 1 if the stimulation calls $stop. It can be used to indicate a simulation failure when running a testbench.

-q  Enable quiet mode. This suppresses all output to <stdout> sent via MCD bit 0 (e.g. all output from $display and friends). It does not affect output to the log file, nor does it affect output to <stdout> sent via the STDOUT file descriptor.

-s  Stop. This will cause the simulation to stop in the beginning, before any events are scheduled. This allows the interactive user to get hold of the simulation just before it starts.

-v  Turn on verbose messages. This will cause information about run time progress to be printed to standard out.

-V  Print the version of the runtime, and exit.

EXTENDED ARGUMENTS

The vvp options described above must come before the design file name. After the design file name, however, there may be any number of unspecified arguments. These arguments are not interpreted by vvp but are instead passed on to the executed design, and are available via the $test$plusargs and $value$plusargs system functions.

Arguments that do not start with the plus(+) character are not available to the $plusargs system tasks, but can still be accessed via PLI code via the vpi_get_vlog_info function. This means that vpi modules may use arguments that do not start with + and be assured that they do not interfere with user defined plus-args.

There are a few extended arguments that are interpreted by the standard system.vpi module, which implements the standard system tasks and are always included. These arguments are described here.

-vcd
    This extended argument sets the wave dump format to VCD. This is the default in the absence of any IVERILOG_DUMPER environment variable. The VCD dump files are large and ponderous, but are also maximally compatible with third party tools that read waveform dumps.

-lxt|-lxt-speed|-lxt-space
    These extended arguments set the wave dump format to lxt, possibly with format optimizations. The -lxt-space flag sets the output format to lxt with full compression enabled. The resulting files are quite small. The -lxt-speed chooses the lxt compression mode that leads to the best execution time and the fastest read time, at the expense of some file size.

-lxt2|-lxt2-speed|-lxt2-space

-lx2|-lx2-speed|-lx2-space
    The LXT2 format is slower than LXT but usually takes less space, and is written out incrementally. Thus, you can view lxt2 files while a simulation is still running (or paused) or if your simulation crashes or is killed, you still have a useful dump. The -lxt2-speed or -lx2-speed arguments are the same as -lxt2 or -lx2. The -lxt2-space or -lx2-space arguments enable better compression and turn off incremental writing.

-fst|-fst-speed|-fst-space

-fst-space-speed|-fst-speed-space
    This is a modern dumping format that is both faster and more compact than the other dumping formats. It supports incremental dumping just like -lxt2. The -fst-speed argument uses a faster compression methods that creates a noticeably larger output file. The -fst-space argument performs a repack of the file on close to produce the smallest possible dump file. The -fst-space-speed or -fst-speed-space arguments use the faster compression method and repack the file on close.

-none
    This flag can be used by itself or appended to the end of the above dumpers (vcd/lxt/lxt2/lx2/fst) to suppress all waveform output. This can make long simulations run faster.

-sdf-warn
    When loading an SDF annotation file, this option causes the annotator to print warnings for questionable but non-fatal issues.

-sdf-info
    When loading an SDF annotation file, this option causes the annotator to print information about the annotation.

-sdf-verbose
    This is shorthand for -sdf-info -sdf-warn.

-compatible
    This extended argument enables improved compatibility with other simulators. At present this only affects the display format for real numbers when no format string is supplied.

ENVIRONMENT

The vvp command also accepts some environment variables that control its behavior. These can be used to make semi-permanent changes.

IVERILOG_DUMPER=fst|lxt|lxt2|lx2|vcd|none
    This selects the output format for the waveform output. Normally, waveforms are dumped in vcd format, but this variable can be used to select lxt format, which is far more compact, though limited to GTKWave or compatible viewers. It can also be used to suppress VCD output, a time-saver for regression tests.

IVERILOG_VPI_MODULE_PATH=/some/path:/some/other/path
    This adds additional components to the VPI module search path. Paths specified in this way are searched after paths specified with -M, but before the default search path. Multiple paths can be separated with colons (semicolons if using Windows).

INTERACTIVE MODE

The simulation engine supports an interactive mode. The user may interrupt the simulation (typically by typing <Control-C>) to get to the interactive prompt. From that prompt, the help command prints a brief summary of the available commands.

The interactive mode may also be entered by a call to the $stop system task from within the simulation, or by a call to the vpi_control VPI function with the vpiStop control argument. These means of entering interactive mode are equivalent.

AUTHOR
Steve Williams (steve@icarus.com)

SEE ALSO
iverilog(1), iverilog-vpi(1), <https://steveicarus.github.io/iverilog/>

COPYRIGHT
Copyright ©  2001-2026 Stephen Williams
This document can be freely redistributed according to the terms of the
GNU General Public License version 2.0